I have recently returned to using prime lenses for street photography. Bulky telephoto lenses are just too cumbersome. I want something as inconspicuous as possible.
Trudging through YouTube street photography videos, one of the most ferocious debates is around lens selection. The 35mm lens is a favourite, it is the Goldilocks lens. Not too wide, and not too narrow. However, I have decided to go for a 50mm lens and want to tell you why. I have a Canon R6, so I have chosen the the Canon RF50mm. It is cheap, light and compact.
Why the 50mm Focal Length?
The 50mm focal length is often regarded as the most “natural” field of view. Photographers call it the ‘nifty fifty’. Unlike wide-angle or telephoto lenses, the 50mm closely mimics how the human eye sees the world. It provides an authentic perspective which neither distorts the scene nor pulls the viewer too far away. This is particularly useful in street photography, where capturing the moment exactly as it is, can make all the difference.
Compact and Discreet
One of the key challenges in street photography is the need to be inconspicuous. You don’t want to draw attention to yourself or your gear; otherwise, you risk losing the candid nature of the scene. The 50mm lens, especially in its prime form is small, lightweight, and unobtrusive. It doesn’t scream “professional photographer”, but allows you to unobtrusively slip into the background.
The Balance Between Distance and Intimacy
A 50mm lens offers an excellent balance between distance and intimacy. While a wide angle lens forces you so close to your subject that it may feel intrusive, telephoto lenses keep you too far in the distance. The 50mm lens lets you stay engaged with your subject while maintaining a respectful distance.
Aperture Flexibility
Many 50mm lenses, especially those with f/1.8 or f/1.4 apertures, excel in low-light situations. Whether you’re shooting in the golden hour, at dusk, or indoors, the wide aperture lets in plenty of light. This is especially important in street photography, where you have to capture the action at 1/400 sec or above, without any control over lighting conditions.
Restricted apertures also create a shallow depth of field which can separate the subject from the background. In bustling urban environments, this can be incredibly useful.
Encourages Composition and Creativity
Because the 50mm lens lacks the ultra-wide field of view or the zoom capabilities of telephoto lenses, it encourages you to think more about composition. You can’t rely on zooming in or out to adjust your frame, so you must move to find the best angle.
Limitations of the 50mm Lens in Street Photography
While the 50mm lens has many strengths, it does have its limitations. Its field of view is narrower than a wide-angle lens, meaning you might miss some context in busy urban scenes.
Additionally, because you’re not zooming in, you need to be comfortable and confident about getting closer to your subjects.
My View
YouTube street photography influencers would have you believe that the only camera for street is a compact camera, ideally a Leica. I don’t want to afford a Leica, just because they are ‘de rigour’. I also do not want a Fujifilm X100Vl, the influential street photographer’s second choice, (mainly because it is cheaper than a Leica). It is too small to handle, and the 35mm equivalent lens is stuck firmly to the body.
I prefer to use the camera I use every day for landscape, portrait and everything in between. So a 50mm prime lens on my Canon mirrorless camera seems just right, and I can switch to a 35mm or 28mm lens if I need to. The 50mm lens is versatile, discreet and great value, but it is also all great fun.